What is energy storage
Energy storage is a system that captures energy from various sources and stores it in rechargeable batteries for later use. When needed, the energy is discharged from the battery and supplied to households, electric vehicles, industrial, and commercial facilities, etc. This system comprises various hardware and software components, including the battery itself, its management system, inverter, energy management system, and safety systems
BESS Components:
Batteries: Composed of cells and can be arranged in modules, blocks (racks), and subsequently in containers or modules/cabinets
Battery Management System (BMS): Ensures the safe and proper operation of the battery. Each battery type has specific charging and discharging conditions. The BMS ensures the battery remains within the desired range of temperature, current, and voltage.
Power Conversion System (PCS): Converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) and vice versa. AC flows from the energy source and is converted to DC during battery charging. When the battery discharges, it produces DC, which is converted back to AC necessary for powering the battery system.
Energy Management System (EMS): Acts as the superior control unit of the battery system. It manages the power available in the BESS, determining when, why, and how much energy to accumulate or release. The EMS integrates BESS components and optimizes overall performance.
Safety Systems: Include fire control systems, smoke detectors, temperature regulation systems, cooling, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. These safety systems have their own monitoring and control units to ensure conditions necessary for the safe operation of the BESS by monitoring its parameters and responding to emergencies.