The Tisova Power Station
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Tisová Power Stations
The Tisová Power Station and its geographical location
The Tisová Power Station is situated in the western part of the Sokolov basin, between mountains of the Krušné Hory and the Slavkov Forest. It is the westernmost situated power resource of the ČEZ, a. s., and belongs to the oldest brown coal fired power stations. It lies 405 m above sea level, and in geographical viewpoint, is is located almost in the geometrical centre of the spa triangle the vertexes of which are formed with the spa towns of Karlovy Vary, Mariánské Lázně and Františkovy Lázně. The power station has been built on the place of the miners village of Tisová that had to make way for mining activities. Two important factors decided for selection of these particular places for construction of the power station - the Ohře River, supplying water for the power station, and the nearby brown coal resources in the Sokolov bain.
History of the construction
The power station history began in January 1953 when the decision on construction was made, and works on design documents, and also the building site preparation, started. There were carried out an extensive grading at the area of almost 41 hectars. It included a demolition of the former Tisová village, diversion of water supply line and rerouting of the Tisovský brook, heightening of the building site level by made-up ground over the centennial water level, backfilling of the incised meanders of the Ohře River. However, the construction caused further large-scale investments. Construction of the bank road between Citice and Černý Mlýn, regulation of the Ohře River course, construction of the Černý Mlýn weir and flood banks, construction of the Jesenice Dam on the Odrava River providing the required quantity of service water, and the Ohře River flow improvement, ensuring the power station output transmission to the power system by means of the appropriate power line to the switching station Sokolov-Vítkov, construction of the footbridge over the Ohře River enabling access to Hlavno railway station for employees arriving from Cheb and Karlovy Vary regions.
Actual construction
The actual construction of the power station can be divided into two technological units -ETI I and ETI II.
Construction of ETI I began in 1954. There were installed eight boilers with capacity of 125 t/hr and four turbo-sets with capacity of 50 MW. In December 1958, the first turbo-generator with capacity of 50 MW was phased-in, and in 1959 the last turbine, the back-pressure turbine with capacity of 12 MW, was installed. The total installed capacity of the ETI I reached 212 MW.
Steam resource in ETI I were the original high-pressure three-pass boilers with granulating furnace and natural circulation. Each boiler was equipped with four milling circuits and impact mills that were reconstructed between 1965 and 1970, and equipped with ventilator mills that enabled direct blowing of pulverized coal to the furnace. Boilers were ignited by a light and heavy heating oil. Interconnection of boilers were made by collection arrangement, i. e. the boilers had a common feedwater collecting equipment, and the produced steam passed into the common steam network.
Construction of ETI II began in 1955. There were installed three production units with the capacity of 100 MW, they were put into operation between 1960 and 1962. The total installed capacity of ETI II was 300 MW.
The power station ETI II steam resource were three high-pressure three-pass boilers with granulating furnace, natural circulation of water and additional heating of steam, with the capacity of 330 t/hr. The boilers were equipped with four milling circuits and impact mills that were replaced in the period of 1971-1973 by the ventilator mills that enabled direct blowing of pulverized coal to the furnace. Boilers were ignited by a light and heavy heating oil.
In the frame of whole conception, The Tisová Power Station, with its capacity of 512 MW, became the first large-scale power station in the former Czechoslovakia, and for the first time there were installed and verified under operation the production units with capacity of 100 MW. In 1964, after completion of the construction and achieving the operation stableness, The Tisová Power Station participated by 9.8 % on the production of electric energy of the entire national electric power system.
Decisive milestones
In the course of the years 1983-1987, there was carried out an extensive reconstruction of the first technological unit ETI I related to transition to the combined production of heat and electric energy. Two 50 MW turbo-generators were replaced by the condensing turbines with regulated extraction with capacity of 55 MW (TG2 and TG3). At the same time there were built the heat distribution network for the Sokolov region, and supplies of heat were started to the nearby towns and municipalities (Sokolov, Březová, Habartov, Bukovany, Svatava, Královské Poříčí). The total installed capacity of the power station was increased to 522 MW.
During the first reduction wave of the brown coal fired power stations in the beginning of the 90's, two 100 MW units were put out of operation - the first unit in the end of 1990 and the second unit in the end of 1991. In the beginning of 1992, the power station installed capacity was 322 MW. In 1998, one 50 MW turbine was cut off, and the installed capacity dropped to 272 MW.
The most significant investment activities in the course of the previous years were focused on meeting requirements of the new legislation in respect of protection of water and air against pollutants, and environmentally friendly deposition of waste. The target of the extensive and investment-demanding programme of The Tisová Power Station was reduction of the emissions of ash, sulphur dioxide, and carbon monoxide to values lower than those defined by the laws.
The programme fulfilling began in 1992 by installation of the three-sectional electric separator at the 100 MW production unit in ETI II, and replacement of boilers with capacity of 125 t/hr in ETI I for two fluidized-bed boilers with the steam capacity of 350 t/hr. Construction of the first fluidized-bed boiler were carried out between 1993-1995, and the construction were made under participation of the joint-stock company Vítkovice and Ingineering EVT Stuttgart. The second fluidized-bed boiler was built between 1995 and 1997. The boiler was supplied by the German company LLB - Lurgi Lentjes Babcock Energietechnik GmbH. Presently, there is used natural gas for ignition of all boilers in the power station.
In the ETI II power station there were installed between 1995 and 1997 the desulphurization unit in the 100 MW unit that operates on the wet limestone washing principle. It was supplied by the German company L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH.
The Tisová Power Station ecologization was completed with implementation of the accompanying constructions that ensure ecological deposition of the stabilizates (produced from coal burning solid residues) in the depository, and complete elimination of the polluted waste water from the power station area in the waste water chemical treatment plant. Apart from these large-scale constructions, there continues a modernization of the power station equipment aimed at achieving the present level of the heat and electric energy production trends.
Present condition and technical parameters
The ETI I power station with collection arrangement consists of two fluidized-bed boilers, each with the capacity of 350 t/hr, one condensing two-casing impulse turbine with the capacity of 57 MW, two condensing two-casing impulse turbines with one regulated extraction of steam, with the capacity of 57 MW, and the back-pressure single-casing combined turbine with capacity of 12.8 MW.
The ETI II power station vith the unit arrangement consists of the granulating boiler, with the capacity of 330 t/hr, and condensing three-casing impulse turbine with additional heating of steam, with the capacity of 112 MW.
Each turbo-generator works for one output transformer. The ETI I power station turbo-generators are equipped with air-cooling, and the ETI II 100 MW unit turbo-generator is cooled by hydrogen.
The electric output of the power station is carried to the Sokolov-Vítkov switching station by means of the 110 kV lines (ETI I) and 220 kV line (ETI II).
Heat supply is carried through steam system with the nominal parameters of 1.2 MPa and 240 °C.
The annual production of electric energy is 1.6 TWhr, approximately, and the annual heat supply to consumers is about 1500 TJ, approximately.
There is used the brown coal from the Sokolov region that is transported by belt conveyers directly from the sorting plant of the supplier - The Sokolovská Uhelná a. s. In 2004, there was started the co-burning of coal and wood chips, up to 20 % of coal, at fluidized-bed boilers.
As resource of technological water for the power station there is used the Ohře River and also the adjacent mud settling pond of the formerly used Silvester quarry.
| Tisová I - Production Unit | |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity | 183.8 MW |
| Year of commissioning | 1958 - 1959 (Initial facilities) |
| Desulphurized since | 1995 (1st Fluidized-bed boiler) 1997 (2nd Fluidized-bed boiler) |
| Tisová II - Production Unit | |
|---|---|
| Installed capacity | 112 MW |
| Year of commissioning | 1960 - 1962 (Initial facilities) |
| Desulphurized since | 1997 (Desulphurization of the Unit No. 6) |
Final values after remaking the nameplates of the turbo-generator. The total installed capacity is 295.8 MW.
Ecology
Modernization of the electric power-producing facilities resulted in the increase of the heat and electricity production efficiency, and reduced negative impacts of the power station operation to environment. The above mentioned fluidized-bed boilers and the 100 MW unit with the desulphurizing unit are not only the heat resources but also they resolved the problem of air pollutant emissions.
The power station modernization also influenced the way of the waste deposition. Since 1995, hydraulic elutriation of the after-burning products to the neighbouring worked-out quarry has been successively substituted by belt conveyer transportation to the area of the formerly used Silvester quarry into the built cassettes for the stabilizate deposition. Based on results of the complex time-demanding tests, after verification of ecological innoxiousness and technical properties of materials, the Technical and Testing Construction Institute, Prague, (Technický a zkušební ústav stavební Praha), issued the construction material certificates. At present, The Tisová Power Station is a holder of the valid certificates for the following construction products:
- Stabilizate from the fluidized ash for backfilling the worked-out surface mine areas and landscape shaping during recultivation works.
- Stabilizate from the ash and energy-gypsum for backfilling the worked-out surface mine areas and landscape shaping during recultivation works.
- Stabilizate from the fluidized ash for earth structures and underlying beds of the ground road constructions.
- Slag for backfilling the worked-out surface mine areas.
Regional relations
The Tisová Power Station is a member of the Economic and Social Counsel of the Sokolov Region that develops namely the initiative and coordination activities focused on achieving the higher economic and social level of the region. The power station is also a member of the Regional Economic Chamber of the Ohře Valley that serves for support of the entrepreneurial activities, promotion and protection of interests as well as securing the needs of its members.
The ČEZ, a. s., The Tisová Power Station also participates in the public life of the region through the Foundation of Rainbow Energy. Sponsoring activities are namely focused to the following fields: humanitarian relations, health care, education, culture, support of municipalities.
Power Plant Future
Power Plant Future
Subject to on-going updating of the reconstruction program, an option is envisaged of long-term operation of the main production equipment, without a necessity of major capital expenditure or costs of renewal of obsolete components and parts, until the period of 2015 - 2018.
ETI I production is based on electricity & heat combined production technology. An extensive network of central heat distribution ensures the power plant operation utilization in order to cover the regional needs.
Objectives and priorities
Summary review:
- environmental capital expenditure program has been completed. The power plant reliably complies with emission limits, determined in the air protection act. Solid waste remnants resulting from combustion and desulphurization processes are classified, practically all of them, and deposited as a product and applied nearby the power plant in after-mining recultivation,
- Damatic XD distributable control system is installed, controlling a majority of technology processes,
- within CEZ, a. s., there is a LAN computer network is in operation, with applications and functions enhancing information exchange and process control,
- ISE unified system is implemented, supporting maintenance and other tasks,
- personnel deployment and their competence are adequate to the production unit technical level.
Objectives:
- maintain the prominent position of the power plant within the entire company hierarchy,
- maintain, in long-terms, the reasonable pricing of heat provided from the heat central supply system,
- continue with preparation and implementation of other cost-saving and environmental measures.
Priorities:
- complete the implementation of unified, mutually interlinked, system of technology control, i. e. extending control systems operated in the water chemical treatment plant and with the ETI 1 machine room,
- verify ETI 1 boiler utility water system efficiency,
- implement technology modifications aiming to reduce fluidized bed boiler limestone consumption,
- continue with preparation and implementation of alternative fuel combustion in fluidized bed boilers,
- continue with construction projects compensating for mining environmental impacts, and implement projects of recultivation in deposit area.
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